Sefer ha-Bahir §§ 148-150 -- the hidden light and the Torah

Sefer ha-Bahir · The Book of Brilliance · Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah)

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About Sefer ha-Bahir §§ 148-150 -- the hidden light and the Torah

Sefer ha-Bahir §§ 148-150 completes the passage on the hidden light and turns to the Torah and its study. § 148: "the hiding of His might" (Habakkuk 3:4) is the light "He hid and concealed" (Psalm 31:20, continuing § 147); what remains is granted to those who keep the Torah and "unify [the Name] in secret and in the open." § 149 (Rabbi Rechumai): "the commandment is a lamp and the Torah is light" (Proverbs 6:23) -- the lamp is the commandment, the "orah" is the Oral Torah, the "or" is the Written Torah; and as a hidden chamber needs a lamp even by day, the Oral Torah "needs the Written Torah to resolve its difficulties and explain its secrets." § 150: "the way of life is the reproofs of instruction" -- whoever studies the account of creation (ma'aseh bereshit) and the account of the chariot (ma'aseh merkavah) "cannot but stumble" (Isaiah 3:6), yet "in truth he merits the way of life."

The Written and Oral Torah as two lights that need each other; and the deepest study -- the two great esoteric disciplines -- as inseparable from the stumbling that is its correction. This is a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction; the standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) remains under copyright.

Sefer ha-Bahir 148-150 -- the hidden light and the Torah

Sefer ha-Bahir · The Book of Brilliance

ספר הבהיר · קמח-קנ

canonical late 12th c., Provence (ascribed to the 1st c. tanna) Hebrew Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Nehunya ben ha-Kanah) tr. Hekhal Targum Project (machine-assisted draft; pending scholarly review)

The hidden light, and the Torah. “The hiding of His might” as the concealed light, a portion of which is granted to those who keep the Torah and unify the Name (§ 148); the commandment as lamp and the Torah as light — the Oral Torah needing the Written, as a dark chamber needs a lamp even by day (§ 149); and the warning that whoever studies the account of creation and the account of the chariot cannot but stumble, yet by enduring the reproofs attains the way of life (§ 150).

A provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor. The Hebrew is reproduced verbatim (two flagged dropped-digit slips: Psalm 31:2 for 31:20, Proverbs 6:3 for 6:23); the standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) is under copyright.

וכתיב (חבקוק שם) קרנים מידו לו ושם חביון עוזו, מאי חביון עוזו, אלא אותו האור שגנז והחביא שנאמר (תהלים ל”א ב) אשר צפנת ליראיך, וזה שנשאר לנו (שם) פעלת לחוסים בך, אותם שחוסים בצלך בעוה”ז ושומרים תורתך ומקיימים מצותיך ומקדשים שמך הגדול ומיחדים בסתר ובגלוי שנאמר (שם) נגד בני אדם:
And it is written (Habakkuk 3:4), ‘rays from His hand to Him, and there is the hiding of His might (chevyon uzo).’ What is ‘the hiding of His might’? Rather, that light which He hid and concealed, as it is said (Psalm 31:20), ‘which You have hidden for those who fear You’; and this that remained for us (ibid.), ‘You have wrought for those who take refuge in You’ — those who take refuge in Your shadow in this world, and keep Your Torah, and fulfill Your commandments, and sanctify Your great Name, and unify [it] in secret and in the open, as it is said (ibid.), ‘before the sons of man.‘
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
אמר רבי רחומאי מלמד שהיא אורה לישראל ותורה אורה דכתיב (משלי ו’ ג) כי נר מצוה ותורה אור, ואמרינן נר זו מצוה ואורה זו תורה שבעל פה, ואור זו תורה שבכתב אלא מתוך שכבר מתקיים האור קרי ליה אור, משל למה”ד לחדר צנוע בסופו של הבית אע”פ שיום הוא ואור גדול בעולם אין אדם רואה באותו החדר אלא אם כן הכניס בו נר, כך תורה שבעל פה אע”פ שהוא אור צריכה היא לתורה שבכתב לפרק קושיותיה ולבאר סודותיה. נא:
Rabbi Rechumai said: it teaches that it is light to Israel, and Torah is light, as it is written (Proverbs 6:23), ‘for the commandment is a lamp (ner) and the Torah is light (or)’; and we say: the lamp (ner) — this is the commandment (mitzvah); and the light (orah) — this is the Oral Torah; and the light (or) — this is the Written Torah. But since the light is already established, it is called ‘light.’ A parable: to what is it comparable? To a hidden chamber at the end of the house — although it is day and there is great light in the world, no one sees in that chamber unless he brings a lamp into it; so [it is with] the Oral Torah: although it is light, it needs the Written Torah to resolve its difficulties and to explain its secrets.
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
אמר רבי רחומאי מאי דכתיב (משלי ו’ כ”ג) ודרך חיים תוכחות מוסר, מלמד שכל הרגיל במעשה בראשית ובמעשי מרכבה אי אפשר שלא יכשל שנאמר (ישעי’ ג’ ו) והמכשלה הזאת תחת ידך. דברים שאין אדם יכול לעמוד בהן אלא אם כן נכשל בהן והתורה אומרת תוכחת מוסר, אבל באמת זוכה לדרך חיים, לפיכך מי שרוצה לזכות בדרך חיים יסבול תוכחות מוסר:
Rabbi Rechumai said: what is written (Proverbs 6:23), ‘and the way of life is the reproofs of instruction (tochachot musar)’? It teaches that whoever is engaged in the account of creation (ma’aseh bereshit) and the account of the chariot (ma’aseh merkavah), it is impossible that he not stumble, as it is said (Isaiah 3:6), ‘and let this ruin be under your hand’ — things upon which a person cannot stand unless he has stumbled in them; and the Torah says ‘the reproofs of instruction,’ but in truth he merits the way of life. Therefore, whoever wishes to merit the way of life should endure the reproofs of instruction.
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
An orientation

This edition sets the verbatim Hebrew beside a fresh English rendering and a critical apparatus: a running commentary on the passage, notes on the controlled vocabulary and the rendering chosen for each term, and cross-references to the lexicon and to related sections. It is a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor.

Controlled terms noted in this passage: merkavah (rendered as the-divine-throne-vision). For each, the apparatus carries the sense set and the reason for the rendering chosen.

Apparatus
Tradition
jewish-mysticism
Language
Hebrew
Period
late 12th c., Provence (ascribed to the 1st c. tanna)
Attribution
Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah)
Translator
Hekhal Targum Project (machine-assisted draft; pending scholarly review)
License
Underlying Bahir text public domain by age; digital Hebrew transcription from Hebrew Wikisource (CC-BY-SA) via Sefaria, credited; English rendering and apparatus CC-BY-SA-4.0
Provenance
The Sefer ha-Bahir is a late-12th-century work, in the public domain by age. The Hebrew is reproduced verbatim from the Hebrew Wikisource transcription (CC-BY-SA), retrieved via Sefaria and credited accordingly (two dropped-digit citation slips flagged in the apparatus: § 148 gives Psalm 31:2 for the verse at 31:20, and § 149 gives Proverbs 6:3 for the verse at 6:23). This English rendering and its apparatus are a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor. The standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) remains under copyright.

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Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah). "Sefer ha-Bahir §§ 148-150 -- the hidden light and the Torah." Hekhal: An Open Reference for Esoteric Tradition. Last modified May 2, 2026. https://hekhal.org/texts/sefer-ha-bahir-148-150-targum.
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