Sefer ha-Bahir §§ 68-70 -- the chariot, prayer, and the alef

Sefer ha-Bahir · The Book of Brilliance · Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah)

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About Sefer ha-Bahir §§ 68-70 -- the chariot, prayer, and the alef

Sefer ha-Bahir §§ 68-70 turns from the divine feminine to contemplation, and reaches one of the book's foundational statements about thought and the Infinite. § 68 reads Habakkuk 3:1's "a prayer (tefillah)" against the expected "praise" -- whoever turns from the world and gazes on the work of the chariot (ma'aseh merkavah) is counted "as though he prayed the whole day"; and "errancies" is heard as the ravishment of Proverbs 5:19, "in her love you shall be ravished always." § 69 asks why Habakkuk "heard" and "feared": "from Your report" is "a place where they hear," and "I heard," not "I understood," marks a reception below comprehension. § 70 is the heart of it: the ear is the shape of the alef (א), the head of all the letters and "the shape of the brain"; as uttering the alef opens the mouth, so thought (machashavah) opens toward Ein Sof, the Infinite, "without end and without limit." The Name YHWH is sanctified "in the palace of holiness (heikhal ha-kodesh)" -- and the palace of holiness is thought itself, the alef.

An early and important occurrence of the term Ein Sof, and of machashavah -- thought -- as the dwelling of the divine Name and the threshold of the boundless. This is a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction; the standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) remains under copyright.

Sefer ha-Bahir 68-70 -- the chariot, prayer, and the alef

Sefer ha-Bahir · The Book of Brilliance

ספר הבהיר · סח-ע

canonical late 12th c., Provence (ascribed to the 1st c. tanna) Hebrew Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Nehunya ben ha-Kanah) tr. Hekhal Targum Project (machine-assisted draft; pending scholarly review)

Contemplation, and the threshold of the Infinite. Prayer read as gazing on the work of the chariot — to be “ravished” in the love of wisdom (§ 68); the “hearing” that comes before understanding (§ 69); and the heart of it: the ear is the shape of the alef, the head of all the letters, and as uttering the alef opens the mouth, so thought opens toward Ein Sof, “without end and without limit.” The divine Name is sanctified “in the palace of holiness” — which is thought itself, the alef (§ 70).

A provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor. The Hebrew is reproduced verbatim from the Hebrew Wikisource transcription; the standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) is under copyright.

שאלו תלמידיו את ר’ רחומאי מאי דכתיב (חבקוק ג, א) תפלה לחבקוק הנביא על שגיונות, תפלה, תהלה מיבעי ליה, אלא כל המפנה לבו מעסקי עולם ומסתכל במעשה מרכבה מקובל לפני הקב”ה כאלו מתפלל כל היום שנאמר תפלה, מאי שגיונות, כדכתיב (משלי ה’ יט) באהבתה תשגה תמיד ’ ומאי ניהו. מעשה מרכבה דכתיב (חבקוק ג’ ב) ה’ שמעתי שמעך יראתי:
The students of Rabbi Rechumai asked him: what is written (Habakkuk 3:1), ‘a prayer (tefillah) of Habakkuk the prophet, concerning errancies (shigyonot)’? ‘Prayer (tefillah)’ — it should have said ‘praise (tehillah).’ Rather, whoever turns his heart away from the affairs of the world and gazes upon the work of the chariot (ma’aseh merkavah) is accepted before the Holy One as though he prayed the whole day, as it is said, ‘a prayer.’ What is ‘errancies (shigyonot)’? As it is written (Proverbs 5:19), ‘in her love you shall be ravished (tishgeh) always.’ And what is it? The work of the chariot, as it is written (Habakkuk 3:2), ‘O LORD, I heard Your report (shim’akha), I feared.‘
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
ד”א מאי דכתיב (שם) ה’ שמעתי שמעך יראתי וגו’ מ”ט כשאמר שמעך אמר יראתי וכשאמר בקרב שנים לא אמר יראתי אלא משמעך יראתי, ומאי משמעך, מקום ששומעים בו, ומ”ט אמר שמעתי הבנתי מבעי ליה, כד”א (דברים כ”ח מט) גוי אשר לא תשמע לשונו
Another interpretation: what is written (ibid.), ‘O LORD, I heard Your report, I feared,’ and so on? Why is it that when he said ‘Your report (shim’akha)’ he said ‘I feared,’ but when he said ‘in the midst of the years’ he did not say ‘I feared,’ but rather ‘from Your report (mi-shim’akha) I feared’? And what is ‘from Your report (mi-shim’akha)’? A place where they hear. And why did he say ‘I heard (shamati)’ — ‘I understood (hevanti)’ it should have said? As it is said (Deuteronomy 28:49), ‘a nation whose tongue you do not hear (lo tishma).’
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
ומ”ט אמר י ר א ת י, משום דאוזן דמות א ל ” ף ואלף ר א ש ל כ ל האותיות, ולא עוד אלא אל”ף גורמת לכל האותיות קיומם, ואל”ף דמות המוח, מה אל”ף כשאתה זוכרה אתה פותח פיך כך המחשבה כשאתה חושב לאין סוף ותכלית, ומהאל”ף יצאו כל האותיות, הלא תראה שהיא בתחילתן ואומר (מיכה ב’ יג) וה’ בראשם, דקיימא לן דכל שם הכתוב ביו”ד ה”א וי”ו ה”א מיוחד הקב”ה ומקודש בקודש, ומאי בקדש, בהיכל הקדש, ואנה היכל הקדש, הוי אומר במחשבה והיינו אל”ף הה”ד (חבקוק שם) ה’ שמעתי שמעך יראתי:
And why did he say ‘I feared (yareti)’? Because the ear (ozen) is the shape of an alef (א), and the alef is the head of all the letters. And moreover, the alef grants all the letters their endurance; and the alef is the shape of the brain (mo’ach). As with the alef, when you utter it you open your mouth, so [with] thought (machashavah): when you think toward the Infinite (Ein Sof) without end and without limit. And from the alef went out all the letters — do you not see that it is at their beginning? And it says (Micah 2:13), ‘and the LORD at their head.’ For we hold that every name written yod-heh-vav-heh is the unique Holy One, sanctified in holiness (ba-kodesh). And what is ‘in holiness’? In the palace of holiness (heikhal ha-kodesh). And where is the palace of holiness? Say: in thought (machashavah), and this is the alef. This is what is written (Habakkuk, ibid.), ‘O LORD, I heard Your report, I feared.’
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
An orientation

This edition sets the verbatim Hebrew beside a fresh English rendering and a critical apparatus: a running commentary on the passage, notes on the controlled vocabulary and the rendering chosen for each term, and cross-references to the lexicon and to related sections. It is a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor.

Controlled terms noted in this passage: merkavah (rendered as chariot), ein-sof (rendered as the-infinite). For each, the apparatus carries the sense set and the reason for the rendering chosen.

Apparatus
Tradition
jewish-mysticism
Language
Hebrew
Period
late 12th c., Provence (ascribed to the 1st c. tanna)
Attribution
Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah)
Translator
Hekhal Targum Project (machine-assisted draft; pending scholarly review)
License
Underlying Bahir text public domain by age; digital Hebrew transcription from Hebrew Wikisource (CC-BY-SA) via Sefaria, credited; English rendering and apparatus CC-BY-SA-4.0
Provenance
The Sefer ha-Bahir is a late-12th-century work, in the public domain by age. The Hebrew is reproduced verbatim from the Hebrew Wikisource transcription (CC-BY-SA), retrieved via Sefaria and credited accordingly. This English rendering and its apparatus are a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor. The standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) remains under copyright.

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Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah). "Sefer ha-Bahir §§ 68-70 -- the chariot, prayer, and the alef." Hekhal: An Open Reference for Esoteric Tradition. Last modified May 2, 2026. https://hekhal.org/texts/sefer-ha-bahir-68-70-targum.