Sefer ha-Bahir 68-70 -- the chariot, prayer, and the alef
Sefer ha-Bahir · The Book of Brilliance
ספר הבהיר · סח-ע
canonical late 12th c., Provence (ascribed to the 1st c. tanna) Hebrew Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Nehunya ben ha-Kanah) tr. Hekhal Targum Project (machine-assisted draft; pending scholarly review)
Contemplation, and the threshold of the Infinite. Prayer read as gazing on the work of the chariot — to be “ravished” in the love of wisdom (§ 68); the “hearing” that comes before understanding (§ 69); and the heart of it: the ear is the shape of the alef, the head of all the letters, and as uttering the alef opens the mouth, so thought opens toward Ein Sof, “without end and without limit.” The divine Name is sanctified “in the palace of holiness” — which is thought itself, the alef (§ 70).
A provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor. The Hebrew is reproduced verbatim from the Hebrew Wikisource transcription; the standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) is under copyright.
שאלו תלמידיו את ר’ רחומאי מאי דכתיב (חבקוק ג, א) תפלה לחבקוק הנביא על שגיונות, תפלה, תהלה מיבעי ליה, אלא כל המפנה לבו מעסקי עולם ומסתכל במעשה מרכבה מקובל לפני הקב”ה כאלו מתפלל כל היום שנאמר תפלה, מאי שגיונות, כדכתיב (משלי ה’ יט) באהבתה תשגה תמיד ’ ומאי ניהו. מעשה מרכבה דכתיב (חבקוק ג’ ב) ה’ שמעתי שמעך יראתי:
The students of Rabbi Rechumai asked him: what is written (Habakkuk 3:1), ‘a prayer (tefillah) of Habakkuk the prophet, concerning errancies (shigyonot)’? ‘Prayer (tefillah)’ — it should have said ‘praise (tehillah).’ Rather, whoever turns his heart away from the affairs of the world and gazes upon the work of the chariot (ma’aseh merkavah) is accepted before the Holy One as though he prayed the whole day, as it is said, ‘a prayer.’ What is ‘errancies (shigyonot)’? As it is written (Proverbs 5:19), ‘in her love you shall be ravished (tishgeh) always.’ And what is it? The work of the chariot, as it is written (Habakkuk 3:2), ‘O LORD, I heard Your report (shim’akha), I feared.‘
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
ד”א מאי דכתיב (שם) ה’ שמעתי שמעך יראתי וגו’ מ”ט כשאמר שמעך אמר יראתי וכשאמר בקרב שנים לא אמר יראתי אלא משמעך יראתי, ומאי משמעך, מקום ששומעים בו, ומ”ט אמר שמעתי הבנתי מבעי ליה, כד”א (דברים כ”ח מט) גוי אשר לא תשמע לשונו
Another interpretation: what is written (ibid.), ‘O LORD, I heard Your report, I feared,’ and so on? Why is it that when he said ‘Your report (shim’akha)’ he said ‘I feared,’ but when he said ‘in the midst of the years’ he did not say ‘I feared,’ but rather ‘from Your report (mi-shim’akha) I feared’? And what is ‘from Your report (mi-shim’akha)’? A place where they hear. And why did he say ‘I heard (shamati)’ — ‘I understood (hevanti)’ it should have said? As it is said (Deuteronomy 28:49), ‘a nation whose tongue you do not hear (lo tishma).’
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
ומ”ט אמר י ר א ת י, משום דאוזן דמות א ל ” ף ואלף ר א ש ל כ ל האותיות, ולא עוד אלא אל”ף גורמת לכל האותיות קיומם, ואל”ף דמות המוח, מה אל”ף כשאתה זוכרה אתה פותח פיך כך המחשבה כשאתה חושב לאין סוף ותכלית, ומהאל”ף יצאו כל האותיות, הלא תראה שהיא בתחילתן ואומר (מיכה ב’ יג) וה’ בראשם, דקיימא לן דכל שם הכתוב ביו”ד ה”א וי”ו ה”א מיוחד הקב”ה ומקודש בקודש, ומאי בקדש, בהיכל הקדש, ואנה היכל הקדש, הוי אומר במחשבה והיינו אל”ף הה”ד (חבקוק שם) ה’ שמעתי שמעך יראתי:
And why did he say ‘I feared (yareti)’? Because the ear (ozen) is the shape of an alef (א), and the alef is the head of all the letters. And moreover, the alef grants all the letters their endurance; and the alef is the shape of the brain (mo’ach). As with the alef, when you utter it you open your mouth, so [with] thought (machashavah): when you think toward the Infinite (Ein Sof) without end and without limit. And from the alef went out all the letters — do you not see that it is at their beginning? And it says (Micah 2:13), ‘and the LORD at their head.’ For we hold that every name written yod-heh-vav-heh is the unique Holy One, sanctified in holiness (ba-kodesh). And what is ‘in holiness’? In the palace of holiness (heikhal ha-kodesh). And where is the palace of holiness? Say: in thought (machashavah), and this is the alef. This is what is written (Habakkuk, ibid.), ‘O LORD, I heard Your report, I feared.’
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
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This edition sets the verbatim Hebrew beside a fresh English rendering and a critical apparatus: a running commentary on the passage, notes on the controlled vocabulary and the rendering chosen for each term, and cross-references to the lexicon and to related sections. It is a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor.
Controlled terms noted in this passage: merkavah (rendered as chariot), ein-sof (rendered as the-infinite). For each, the apparatus carries the sense set and the reason for the rendering chosen.
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prayer as gazing on the chariot
Habakkuk 3:1, ‘a prayer (tefillah) of Habakkuk,’ is read against the expected ‘praise (tehillah)’: whoever turns from the affairs of the world and gazes upon the work of the chariot (ma’aseh merkavah) — the classical esoteric contemplation of the divine throne (Ezekiel 1) — is counted ‘as though he prayed the whole day.’ And ‘errancies (shigyonot)’ is heard through Proverbs 5:19, ‘in her love you shall be ravished (tishgeh) always’: the ravishment of contemplation. Sod: the chariot-vision is itself the highest prayer, and the mystic is ‘ravished’ in the love of wisdom.
the place of hearing
Habakkuk 3:2, ‘I heard Your report (shim’akha), I feared’: the Bahir asks why fear attaches to ‘Your report’ and reads ‘from Your report (mi-shim’akha)’ as ‘a place where they hear’ — a grade named by hearing. And ‘I heard (shamati),’ not ‘I understood (hevanti),’ marks a reception that precedes full comprehension (Deuteronomy 28:49, ‘a nation whose tongue you do not hear’). Sod: the grade of hearing — understanding received rather than grasped — the receptive upper mother, Binah.
the alef, thought, and the Infinite
The ear (ozen) is the shape of an alef (א); the alef is ‘the head of all the letters,’ grants them their endurance, and is ‘the shape of the brain (mo’ach).’ As pronouncing the alef opens the mouth, so thought (machashavah) opens toward the Infinite, Ein Sof, ‘without end and without limit’; from the alef all the letters go forth (‘and the LORD at their head,’ Micah 2:13). And the Name YHWH is sanctified ‘in the palace of holiness (heikhal ha-kodesh)’ — which is thought itself, the alef. Sod: the alef is the first stirring of emergence, the point of supernal thought (Ḥokhmah, and the reach beyond it toward Keter and Ein Sof); the divine Name is housed in that thought. This is among the Bahir’s foundational statements of machashavah — thought — as the dwelling of the Name and the threshold of the Infinite.
merkavah
Selected sense: chariot
Active senses: chariot, the-divine-throne-vision
Rationale: The ‘ma’aseh merkavah’ (the work of the chariot) of §§ 68-69, rendered ‘the work of the chariot’ — the classical esoteric discipline of the divine throne-vision (Ezekiel 1), gazing upon which is here reckoned the highest prayer.
Lexicon: lexicon/merkavah
ein-sof
Selected sense: the-infinite
Active senses: the-infinite, the-endless
Rationale: § 70’s ‘when you think toward Ein Sof without end and without limit,’ rendered ‘the Infinite (Ein Sof).’ An early occurrence of the term that becomes the standard Kabbalistic name for the boundless Godhead beyond the sefirot; here the horizon toward which thought (the alef) opens.
Lexicon: lexicon/ein-sof
No public-domain translations indexed for this chunk.