Sefer ha-Bahir § 54 -- the king's daughter

Sefer ha-Bahir · The Book of Brilliance · Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah)

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About Sefer ha-Bahir § 54 -- the king's daughter

Sefer ha-Bahir § 54 is among the most consequential passages in the whole of Kabbalah: the earliest clear figure of the Shekhinah as a king's daughter and bride. A king has a daughter -- "good and pleasant and comely and perfect" -- whom he marries to a prince, clothing, crowning, and adorning her and giving her with great wealth. But the king can neither dwell outside his own house nor sit with his daughter without cease; so he sets "a window between him and her," and through it father and daughter "join together" whenever either has need. The verse sealing it -- "all glorious is the king's daughter within; her clothing is of gold brocade" (Psalm 45:14) -- ties the daughter to the gold (zahav) of §§ 51-53: the Shekhinah adorned in the gold of Gevurah.

Continuing § 53 (the heh, the soul, within "gold"), the daughter is the indwelling presence -- in the developed system Malkhut, the tenth sefirah, the divine bride. The "window" is the standing channel that keeps the transcendent Father and the immanent Daughter bound even after she is given below. Gershom Scholem read this parable as a decisive early stage in the emergence of the Shekhinah as an independent feminine potency within the godhead. Whom the daughter is married to -- the world and Israel, or the divine groom Tiferet -- the Bahir leaves open, and the edition preserves that openness.

This is a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction; the standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) remains under copyright.

Sefer ha-Bahir § 54 -- the king's daughter

Sefer ha-Bahir · The Book of Brilliance

ספר הבהיר · נד

canonical late 12th c., Provence (ascribed to the 1st c. tanna) Hebrew Anonymous (attributed to R. Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah) tr. Hekhal Targum Project (machine-assisted draft; pending scholarly review)

One of the most consequential passages in all of Kabbalah, and the earliest clear figure of the Shekhinah as a bride. A king marries his daughter to a prince, and adorns her; but he can neither dwell outside his house nor sit with her without cease, so he sets “a window between him and her,” and through it father and daughter join together whenever either has need. Her clothing “of gold brocade” (Psalm 45:14) binds her to the gold of §§ 51-53: the Shekhinah adorned in the gold of Gevurah.

A provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor. The Hebrew is reproduced verbatim (including its citation of the verse as Psalm 45:18, where the verse is at 45:14, flagged in the text); the standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) is under copyright.

ומאי עבידתיה הכא, משל למה”ד למלך שהיתה לו בת טובה ונעימה ונאה ושלימה, והשיאה לבן מלך, והלבישה ועטרה וקשטה ונתנה לו בממון רב, אפשר לו למלך לישב חוץ מביתו, אמרת לא, אפשר לו לשבת כל היום תמיד עמה, אמרת לא, הא כיצד, שם חלון בינו לבינה וכל שעה שצריכה הבת לאביה או האב לבתו מתחברים יחד דרך החלון הה”ד (תהלים מ”ה יח) כל כבודה בת מלך פנימה ממשבצות זהב לבושה:
And what is its function here? A parable — to what is it comparable? To a king who had a daughter, good and pleasant and comely and perfect (shleimah), and he married her to a prince (a king’s son), and clothed her and crowned her and adorned her and gave her [in marriage] with great wealth. Can the king [then] sit outside his house? You said: no. Can he sit with her all day, continually? You said: no. How then? He set a window (chalon) between him and her; and whenever the daughter needs her father, or the father his daughter, they join together through the window. This is what is written (Psalm 45:18 in the source; the verse is at 45:14), ‘all glorious is the king’s daughter within; her clothing is of gold brocade (mishbetzot zahav).’
Provisional draft (pending scholarly review)
An orientation

This edition sets the verbatim Hebrew beside a fresh English rendering and a critical apparatus: a running commentary on the passage, notes on the controlled vocabulary and the rendering chosen for each term, and cross-references to the lexicon and to related sections. It is a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor.

Apparatus
Tradition
jewish-mysticism
Language
Hebrew
Period
late 12th c., Provence (ascribed to the 1st c. tanna)
Attribution
Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah)
Translator
Hekhal Targum Project (machine-assisted draft; pending scholarly review)
License
Underlying Bahir text public domain by age; digital Hebrew transcription from Hebrew Wikisource (CC-BY-SA) via Sefaria, credited; English rendering and apparatus CC-BY-SA-4.0
Provenance
The Sefer ha-Bahir is a late-12th-century work, in the public domain by age. The Hebrew is reproduced verbatim from the Hebrew Wikisource transcription (CC-BY-SA), retrieved via Sefaria and credited accordingly (including its citation of Psalm 45 as 45:18, where the verse is at 45:14, flagged in the text). This English rendering and its apparatus are a provisional scholarly draft, released openly for correction and not yet reviewed by a credentialed editor. The standard modern English translation (Kaplan, 1979) remains under copyright.

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Anonymous (attributed to Rabbi Neḥunya ben ha-Kanah). "Sefer ha-Bahir § 54 -- the king's daughter." Hekhal: An Open Reference for Esoteric Tradition. Last modified May 2, 2026. https://hekhal.org/texts/sefer-ha-bahir-54-targum.
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